All Sauce from Weekly Gravy:

Brian Duncan doesn’t know why his brain still works as well as it does. Duncan, 67, got his bell rung more than once during his life — as a professional football player, an amateur boxer and a bull rider at Texas rodeos. He remembers one time he got slammed into the ground by L.C. Greenwood, a 6-foot, 6-inch defensive end for the Pittsburgh Steelers, so hard that he hallucinated he was back playing high school football. “We used to play a team that had a feed lot behind their football stadium,” Duncan said. “I’m all of a sudden thinking I’m in high school. I’m seeing cows and stuff behind the stadium, and I’m thinking, what in the world? I’m in Three Rivers Stadium. I was in a different world.” Despite that history, Duncan is one of the lucky athletes whose past punishment has not caught up to him. Duncan and players like him highlight what continues to be a point of ferocious debate among brain researchers — the effect of repeated head trauma on both brain structure and the brain’s ability to think, remember and reason. He’s part of a recent study of National Football League (NFL) players that found no link between impaired brain function and either the number of concussions players received or the number of years they played in the NFL. Study…  read on >

Crave more crunch in your meals but want to avoid calories? Don’t overlook low-cal celery. With only 6 calories per cup, celery is a perfect warm weather refresher, helping you stay hydrated, thanks to its high water content. But there’s no reason to limit yourself to the same old sticks. Celery is a great addition to a summertime favorite, the lobster roll. Crunchy Lobster Roll 1 cup finely chopped celery 1/2 pound lobster meat, cut into chunks 1/2 apple, chopped 1 cup kale, thinly sliced 2 tablespoons mayonnaise 2 tablespoons plain Greek yogurt 1/2 teaspoon celery salt 4 whole-wheat hot dog buns Place celery, lobster, apple, kale, mayo, yogurt and celery salt in a large bowl and mix well. Toast the buns and top with equal amounts of the lobster salad and serve immediately. Yield: 2 servings Celery root, also called celeriac, is the tasty root of the celery plant, but with a less pronounced celery taste. Shop for it in the produce section alongside other root vegetables. Don’t be deterred by its rough, knobby appearance. It can be prepared in many delicious ways. Celery root makes a great alternative to cabbage for a no-cook slaw and is an ideal swap for starchier veggies like potatoes, since it’s lower in carbs and calories — only 65 calories per cup with 14 grams of carbs and…  read on >

If you’re looking for simple yet effective exercises to work chest muscles, put the pec press and pec fly on your list. Both also target the shoulder muscles, and the press works the triceps of the upper arm. For the pec press, lie on your back on a weight bench with a dumbbell in each hand. Knees are bent with feet flat on the floor. If you don’t have a bench, you can do the press lying directly on the floor, but you won’t get as wide a range of motion. Position the dumbbells at your sides, palms facing in and elbows pointing down. Now use your arms to press the dumbbells straight up to the ceiling. Hold for a moment without locking elbows, then slowly lower to start position. As you work, keep your head, shoulders and butt pressed into the bench, but have a slight arch in your lower back. Work up to two sets of 10 to 15 reps. Rest for 30 seconds between sets. For the pec fly, start from the same position on the bench, a dumbbell in each hand. Press the dumbbells straight up, palms facing each other. Keeping your arms straight, slowly lower the dumbbells out to the sides in an arc shape. Don’t let shoulders or elbows go below the exercise bench. Keep your wrists straight and…  read on >

Lots of kids are picky eaters. But when eating habits in young children are extreme, it could be a sign of autism, researchers say. A new study finds atypical eating behaviors — such as hypersensitivity to food textures or pocketing food without swallowing — in 70% of kids with autism. That’s 15 times the rate typically found in children. Unusual eating behaviors are common in many 1-year-olds with autism and could alert parents and doctors that a child may have the disorder, according to study author Susan Mayes. She’s a professor of psychiatry at Penn State College of Medicine. “If a primary care provider hears about these behaviors from parents, they should consider referring the child for an autism screening,” she said in a university news release. For the study, the researchers analyzed parents’ descriptions of the eating behaviors of more than 2,000 children. The kids were in two studies that compared typical children and those with autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and other developmental disorders. Atypical eating behaviors also include liking only an extremely small number of foods, and hypersensitivity to food temperatures. Atypical eating behaviors were seven times more common among children with autism than children with other types of developmental disorders, the Penn State researchers also found. Most of the children with autism who had atypical eating behaviors had two or more types,…  read on >

(HealthDay News) — Skin that is too oily can clog pores and lead to acne breakouts, says the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD). The academy says the key to healthy skin is maintaining its natural moisture without excess oil. To control oily skin, the AAD recommends: Wash your face every morning, evening and after exercise. Choose skin care products labeled “oil free” and “noncomedogenic.” Never use oil-based or alcohol-based cleansers. Apply moisturizer and use a daily foaming face wash. Avoid touching your face repeatedly. Use blotting paper.

Some parents may be reluctant to give their kids powerful stimulants to treat the symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but a new review shows the medications bring significant benefits. In addition to helping kids calm down and concentrate in school, the review also found that the drugs help children avoid a lot of long-term negative consequences associated with ADHD, including depression, substance abuse and even driving problems. “Treating ADHD can help children avert some of the serious complications associated with ADHD,” said study author Dr. Joseph Biederman. He’s chief of clinical and research programs in pediatric psychopharmacology and adult ADHD at Massachusetts General Hospital, in Boston. Specifically, the study suggested that early use of ADHD stimulant medications was linked to a lower risk of: Major depression Anxiety Oppositional defiant disorder Conduct disorder Bipolar disorder Smoking Substance abuse Driving problems, such as car accidents Poor performance in school Although the current study can’t prove a definitive cause-and-effect relationship, Dr. Alan Geller, a psychiatrist from Gracie Square Hospital in New York City who treats children and adolescents, said it makes sense that treating ADHD symptoms can help prevent other problems. “A hyperactive child who interrupts and disrupts class is annoying. They end up getting marginalized, which can lead to substance abuse or conduct disorders, or depression and anxiety if they’re constantly frustrated,” he explained. Geller said adults…  read on >

It seems as though every day brings yet another study on the effects of caffeine or coffee in particular. Researchers have looked at its effects on almost every aspect of health, from overall mortality to the heart, bones, kidneys, liver, fertility and more. Sometimes, separate studies on the same aspect of caffeine consumption have contradictory findings, creating confusion. So, what do you need to know before you take another sip? An exhaustive analysis of 1,277 existing studies published in Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety found that the potential benefits of drinking moderate amounts of coffee outweigh the risks. In fact, research on caffeine’s heart health benefits, published in the journal Circulation, reversed 20-year-old findings to the contrary. But just what is moderate coffee drinking? About four 8-ounce cups a day. At the other end of the spectrum, research done at the Australian Center for Precision Health has pinpointed the upper end of the safe range, finding that drinking six or more cups a day does pose a danger to heart health. This amount can lead to high blood pressure, a risk factor for heart disease. Caffeine isn’t the only active ingredient in coffee, but tracking caffeine milligrams is a good way to measure intake, with 400 milligrams a day being the limit suggested by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. One 8-ounce…  read on >

Experts have redefined the role of fat in healthy eating, but before you grab a chunk of cheese or another pat of butter, understand the differences between the various types of fat in your diet. For decades, guidelines recommended limiting total dietary fat to no more than 30% of daily calories, and then to a range of 20% to 35% of calories. The thinking was this would lower saturated fat and cholesterol intake, both of which were thought to increase heart disease risk. But many people restricted all types of fat, including healthy ones, like the unsaturated fats found in nuts, vegetable oils and fish. What’s more, packaged food manufacturers rushed to replace fat with unhealthy processed carbohydrates like sugar and refined grains. But research analyzing observational studies and clinical trials has found that replacing saturated fat with the refined carbohydrates found in so-called low-fat processed foods doesn’t lower heart disease risk. On the other hand, choosing polyunsaturated fats for either saturated fat or carbohydrates does. Polyunsaturated fats include both plant and marine sources of unsaturated fats, such as olive oil and fatty fish. This is true even when calories from these sources account for 35% or more of the daily diet. The Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee now suggests optimizing healthy fats and avoiding low-fat or even non-fat products that have high levels of refined…  read on >

Plastic surgery is no longer the sole domain of women, and men now have even more incentive to try a little nip-and-tuck on their faces: New research suggests they look more attractive and trustworthy to others. The study included 24 men, average age 49 years, who had one or more of the following procedures: upper eyelid lift, reduction of lower eyelids, face-lift, brow-lift, neck-lift, nose reshaping, and/or a chin implant. More than 150 people were asked to look at photos of the men before and after their surgery and rate them on personality (aggressiveness, extroversion, likeability, risk-seeking, sociability, trustworthiness), attractiveness and masculinity. The photos of the men after their procedures scored significantly higher in perceptions of attractiveness, likeability, social skills and trustworthiness. There was no significant change in perceptions of masculinity, the investigators found. The study, conducted by plastic surgeons at Georgetown University Medical Center in Washington, D.C., was published online recently in the journal JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery. “The tendency to judge facial appearance is likely rooted in evolution, as studies suggest evaluating a person based on appearance is linked to survival — our animal instinct tells us to avoid those who are ill-willed and we know from previous research that personality traits are drawn from an individual’s neutral expressions,” said study senior investigator Dr. Michael Reilly. He is an associate professor of otolaryngology…  read on >

The start of school is just around the corner, but a leading pediatricians’ group warns that many kids entering kindergarten lack the skills they need to succeed in class. To help parents get their young ones ready to start school, the American Academy of Pediatrics has just released a report on what helps boost success as well as what factors may hinder kids’ school experience. “We’ve kind of focused on the acquisition of pre-academic skills, but that’s not what’s most important,” said report author Dr. P. Gail Williams. She’s an executive committee member of the AAP’s Council on Early Childhood. What is important, she said, is that parents “instill in children a love of learning, enjoyment of books, early literacy, appropriate play, learning to self-regulate, and interact with peers and adults.” Kids who love to learn and are resilient have a better chance at doing well in school both academically and socially. Williams said that parents should start teaching children these skills from birth. “In early brain development, neural connections are made on the basis of early experiences and relationships with parents, siblings and community members,” she said. And, don’t worry, she’s not recommending drilling your kids with flashcards. “Do things you enjoy with your children. Play with your kids. Read with your kids,” she suggested. One example, she said, is preparing dinner. “Talk to…  read on >