All Sauce from Weekly Gravy:

Add one more malady to the potential risks from untreated sleep apnea: Parkinson’s disease. A new study involving 11 million U.S. veterans finds that a person’s odds of developing Parkinson’s nearly doubled if they were diagnosed with sleep apnea but hadn’t used a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device to help control it.  Having untreated sleep apnea isn’t “a guarantee that you’re going to get Parkinson’s, but it significantly increases the chances,” said study co-author Dr. Gregory Scott. He’s assistant professor of pathology at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) and a pathologist at the Veterans Affairs (VA) Portland. The research was published Nov. 24 in JAMA Neurology. According to information supplied by the researchers, about one million Americans are currently diagnosed with Parkinson’s, an incurable neurodegenerative illness characterized by increasing disability. Risks for the illness rise steadily after the age of 60. In the new study, Scott and colleagues looked at the medical records of 11 million U.S. military veterans who received VA care between 1999 and 2022.  Even after adjusting for potential confounding conditions such as obesity, age and high blood pressure, the team found that having untreated sleep apnea nearly doubled the odds for Parkinson’s compared to folks whose apnea was treated by CPAP. Sleep apnea involves frequent breathing difficulties during sleep that can affect the amount of oxygen going to the…  read on >  read on >

Add one more malady to the potential risks from untreated sleep apnea: Parkinson’s disease. A new study involving 11 million U.S. veterans finds that a person’s odds of developing Parkinson’s nearly doubled if they were diagnosed with sleep apnea but hadn’t used a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device to help control it.  Having untreated sleep apnea isn’t “a guarantee that you’re going to get Parkinson’s, but it significantly increases the chances,” said study co-author Dr. Gregory Scott. He’s assistant professor of pathology at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) and a pathologist at the Veterans Affairs (VA) Portland. The research was published Nov. 24 in JAMA Neurology. According to information supplied by the researchers, about one million Americans are currently diagnosed with Parkinson’s, an incurable neurodegenerative illness characterized by increasing disability. Risks for the illness rise steadily after the age of 60. In the new study, Scott and colleagues looked at the medical records of 11 million U.S. military veterans who received VA care between 1999 and 2022.  Even after adjusting for potential confounding conditions such as obesity, age and high blood pressure, the team found that having untreated sleep apnea nearly doubled the odds for Parkinson’s compared to folks whose apnea was treated by CPAP. Sleep apnea involves frequent breathing difficulties during sleep that can affect the amount of oxygen going to the…  read on >  read on >

A large majority of Americans now view obesity as a disease whose management, surgical or pharmaceutical, should be covered by insurance, according to a new poll. The online Harris poll was conducted in October among nearly 4,200 U.S. adults. The study was supported by the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA), which represents the nation’s gastroenterological clinicians and surgeons, and funded by Novo Nordisk, maker of weight loss drugs Ozempic and Wegovy. “The American public is highly aware that obesity is medically treatable and that reducing it will also save people from a wide variety of other serious diseases,” Dr. Pooja Singhal, a gastroenterologist, hepatologist and obesity medicine specialist at Oklahoma Gastro Health and Wellness, said in an AGA news release. “Despite this awareness, access to treatment, particularly because of cost, is a major barrier,” she added. “This AGA survey reinforces the urgent need for increased coverage of safe, effective and life-saving treatments for obesity.” According to the poll: Nearly two-thirds (63%) of Americans view obesity as a chronic disease, not a personal failing. Most believe obesity arises from a variety of factors, such as eating patterns/nutrition (70%), physical activity levels (67%), mental health issuess such as anxiety and depression (61%) and genetics (58%). About 87% of Americans believe obesity increases the risk (or can worsen) other chronic conditions. More than 8 in 10 believe that obesity treatment, whether…  read on >  read on >

A large majority of Americans now view obesity as a disease whose management, surgical or pharmaceutical, should be covered by insurance, according to a new poll. The online Harris poll was conducted in October among nearly 4,200 U.S. adults. The study was supported by the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA), which represents the nation’s gastroenterological clinicians and surgeons, and funded by Novo Nordisk, maker of weight loss drugs Ozempic and Wegovy. “The American public is highly aware that obesity is medically treatable and that reducing it will also save people from a wide variety of other serious diseases,” Dr. Pooja Singhal, a gastroenterologist, hepatologist and obesity medicine specialist at Oklahoma Gastro Health and Wellness, said in an AGA news release. “Despite this awareness, access to treatment, particularly because of cost, is a major barrier,” she added. “This AGA survey reinforces the urgent need for increased coverage of safe, effective and life-saving treatments for obesity.” According to the poll: Nearly two-thirds (63%) of Americans view obesity as a chronic disease, not a personal failing. Most believe obesity arises from a variety of factors, such as eating patterns/nutrition (70%), physical activity levels (67%), mental health issuess such as anxiety and depression (61%) and genetics (58%). About 87% of Americans believe obesity increases the risk (or can worsen) other chronic conditions. More than 8 in 10 believe that obesity treatment, whether…  read on >  read on >

Women who stop taking a GLP-1 weight loss/diabetes medication just prior to a pregnancy appear to be at higher odds for excess weight gain and complications while pregnant, new research shows. As the study authors pointed out, potential risks to the fetus of using a GLP-1 while pregnant remain unclear, so current recommendations advise discontinuing the drugs prior to or during a pregnancy. However, doing so may bring about its own hazards, concluded a team from Mass General Brigham in Boston. “Additional studies are needed on the balance of pre-pregnancy benefits of GLP-1s with the risks associated with interrupting them for pregnancy,” said study senior author Dr. Camille Powe. She’s a Mass General Brigham endocrinologist and co-director of the Diabetes in Pregnancy Program at Massachusetts General Hospital. Her team published their findings Nov. 24 in JAMA Network Open. According to study lead author and pediatric endocrinologist Dr. Jacqueline Maya, the use of GLP-1s by women “has increased dramatically.” Speaking in a hospital news release, she said the study focused on how GLP-1 “discontinuation affects weight gain and outcomes during pregnancy.” To do so, the researchers tracked the medical records of almost 1,800 pregnancies cared for by the Mass General Brigham healthcare system between 2016 and 2025. Most of these pregnancies occurred among women with obesity. Outcomes for women who had received a GLP-1 prescription “within three…  read on >  read on >

Women who stop taking a GLP-1 weight loss/diabetes medication just prior to a pregnancy appear to be at higher odds for excess weight gain and complications while pregnant, new research shows. As the study authors pointed out, potential risks to the fetus of using a GLP-1 while pregnant remain unclear, so current recommendations advise discontinuing the drugs prior to or during a pregnancy. However, doing so may bring about its own hazards, concluded a team from Mass General Brigham in Boston. “Additional studies are needed on the balance of pre-pregnancy benefits of GLP-1s with the risks associated with interrupting them for pregnancy,” said study senior author Dr. Camille Powe. She’s a Mass General Brigham endocrinologist and co-director of the Diabetes in Pregnancy Program at Massachusetts General Hospital. Her team published their findings Nov. 24 in JAMA Network Open. According to study lead author and pediatric endocrinologist Dr. Jacqueline Maya, the use of GLP-1s by women “has increased dramatically.” Speaking in a hospital news release, she said the study focused on how GLP-1 “discontinuation affects weight gain and outcomes during pregnancy.” To do so, the researchers tracked the medical records of almost 1,800 pregnancies cared for by the Mass General Brigham healthcare system between 2016 and 2025. Most of these pregnancies occurred among women with obesity. Outcomes for women who had received a GLP-1 prescription “within three…  read on >  read on >

Researchers are standing behind new data on how people’s posteriors reflect changes linked to aging and diabetes. Shrinkage or inflammation of the gluteus maximus muscles of the buttocks may reflect frailty, sitting time, fat deposition and diabetes risk, and these changes may occur differently among men and women, the British team said. “Unlike past studies that mainly looked at muscle size or fat, we used 3D shape mapping to pinpoint exactly where the muscle changes, giving a much more detailed picture,” noted study coauthor Marjola Thanaj, a senior research fellow at the University of Westminster’s Research Centre for Optimal Health in London.   Her team will present their findings next week in Chicago at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). In the study, Thanaj and colleagues examined more than 61,000 MRI scans collected as part of the ongoing UK Biobank database. They also had detailed information on the Biobank participants’ physical measurements, medical histories and lifestyles.  Overall, this allowed the team to assess 86 different variables and track associations with changes in buttock muscle shape over time. Speaking in a RSNA news release, Thanaj reported that “people with higher fitness, as measured by vigorous physical activity and hand grip strength, had a greater gluteus maximus shape, while aging, frailty and long sitting times were linked to muscle thinning.” Men designated as…  read on >  read on >

Researchers are standing behind new data on how people’s posteriors reflect changes linked to aging and diabetes. Shrinkage or inflammation of the gluteus maximus muscles of the buttocks may reflect frailty, sitting time, fat deposition and diabetes risk, and these changes may occur differently among men and women, the British team said. “Unlike past studies that mainly looked at muscle size or fat, we used 3D shape mapping to pinpoint exactly where the muscle changes, giving a much more detailed picture,” noted study coauthor Marjola Thanaj, a senior research fellow at the University of Westminster’s Research Centre for Optimal Health in London.   Her team will present their findings next week in Chicago at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). In the study, Thanaj and colleagues examined more than 61,000 MRI scans collected as part of the ongoing UK Biobank database. They also had detailed information on the Biobank participants’ physical measurements, medical histories and lifestyles.  Overall, this allowed the team to assess 86 different variables and track associations with changes in buttock muscle shape over time. Speaking in a RSNA news release, Thanaj reported that “people with higher fitness, as measured by vigorous physical activity and hand grip strength, had a greater gluteus maximus shape, while aging, frailty and long sitting times were linked to muscle thinning.” Men designated as…  read on >  read on >

Fitter bodies and muscles could keep brains young and fit, too, a new study suggests. “Healthier bodies with more muscle mass and less hidden belly fat are more likely to have healthier, youthful brains,” said study senior author Dr. Cyrus Raji, associate professor of radiology and neurology at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri. “While it is commonly known that chronological aging translates to loss of muscle mass and increased hidden belly fat, this work shows that these health measures relate to brain aging itself,” Raji noted. “It shows muscle and fat mass quantified in the body are key reflectors of brain health, as tracked with brain aging.” His team analyzed the whole-body MRI images of almost 1,200 healthy adults to pinpoint the ideal “body profile” for healthy brain aging.  They will report their findings next week in Chicago at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). Speaking in an RSNA news release, Raji said there’s long been “widely held hypotheses about the association between body composition biomarkers and brain health.” In the new study, his team collected whole-body MRI scans of 1,164 healthy men and women who averaged about 55 years of age. They combined the MRI data with another technology that allows tissues to show up as bright in areas of fat deposition, and dark in fluid-rich…  read on >  read on >

Fitter bodies and muscles could keep brains young and fit, too, a new study suggests. “Healthier bodies with more muscle mass and less hidden belly fat are more likely to have healthier, youthful brains,” said study senior author Dr. Cyrus Raji, associate professor of radiology and neurology at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri. “While it is commonly known that chronological aging translates to loss of muscle mass and increased hidden belly fat, this work shows that these health measures relate to brain aging itself,” Raji noted. “It shows muscle and fat mass quantified in the body are key reflectors of brain health, as tracked with brain aging.” His team analyzed the whole-body MRI images of almost 1,200 healthy adults to pinpoint the ideal “body profile” for healthy brain aging.  They will report their findings next week in Chicago at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). Speaking in an RSNA news release, Raji said there’s long been “widely held hypotheses about the association between body composition biomarkers and brain health.” In the new study, his team collected whole-body MRI scans of 1,164 healthy men and women who averaged about 55 years of age. They combined the MRI data with another technology that allows tissues to show up as bright in areas of fat deposition, and dark in fluid-rich…  read on >  read on >