GLP-1 meds are all the rage for weight loss nowadays, but not everyone can safely take the drugs to shed pounds. Invasive weight-loss surgeries can often be a tough sell, too. Now, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) say they’ve developed an alternative: A small, implanted gastric balloon that people can inflate or deflate to feel full or not. Early studies showed the gastric balloon helped animals cut their daily food intake by 60%. “The basic concept is we can have this balloon that is dynamic, so it would be inflated right before a meal and then you wouldn’t feel hungry. Then it would be deflated in between meals,” explained senior study author Giovanni Traverso. He’s an associate professor of mechanical engineering at MIT and a gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston. His team published its findings Dec. 3 in the journal Device. Gastric balloons are not new as a weight-loss aid, and stationary balloons filled with saline have long been approved for weight control by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. There’s a problem with these devices, however: Over time, the trick wears off and the stomach becomes desensitized to the fake sense of fullness the balloon provides. “Gastric balloons do work initially,” Traverso explained in an MIT news release. “Historically, what has been seen is that the balloon is…  read on >  read on >

An accumulation of fat lurking around the organs of obese people is strongly linked to a buildup of Alzheimer’s-linked proteins in the brain, new research finds. Buildup of this visceral fat in middle age may boost levels of the two damaging brain proteins, called amyloid and tau, explained a team led by Dr. Mahsa Dolatshahi, of Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. Actual symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease may not arise until many years later. “Our study showed that higher visceral fat was associated with higher PET [scan] levels of the two hallmark pathologic proteins of Alzheimer’s disease — amyloid and tau,” Dolatshahi said. “To our knowledge, our study is the only one to demonstrate these findings at midlife where our participants are decades out from developing the earliest symptoms of the dementia that results from Alzheimer’s disease.” Dolatshahi is a post-doctoral research associate at the university’s Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology. Her team’s findings were presented Monday in Chicago at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). According to the Alzheimer’s Association, 6.9 million Americans aged 65 and older are now affected by Alzheimer’s disease — a number that could rise to 13 million by mid-century. Dolatshahi’s group wondered if there might be factors in mid-life that affect a person’s late-life odds for Alzheimer’s. Their study of 80 middle-aged people…  read on >  read on >

The hectic holidays play havoc on people’s nerves, not the least because they aren’t able to have any time to themselves. Nearly half (46%) of Americans say they don’t get the alone time they need during the holidays, according to a new national survey by the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. What’s more, 56% of the people surveyed said it’s very important to their mental health to have adequate alone time. Taking a brief break alone can be mentally and physically rewarding, particularly in today’s on-the-go society, said Sophie Lazarus, a clinical psychologist with Ohio State. “By taking a brief pause alone, our nervous system can settle, our mind can settle, our body can settle. And I think that can be important. We know that chronic stress is not good for us,” Lazarus said in a Ohio State news release. Folks who want to get a little self time can accomplish this by adding simple changes to their routine, Lazarus said. “Try putting your phone in a totally different room when you decide you’re going to spend alone time, knowing how hard it is to resist picking it up, the pulls on our attention and on our priorities,” Lazarus said. “Or take two or three minutes in the car before you go pick your kids up or before you go back into the house…  read on >  read on >

Moving away from meat to plants as a main source of protein will do wonders for your heart, new research finds. The 30-year study found that folks with the highest ratio of plant-based protein to animal-based protein cut their odds of developing cardiovascular disease by 19%. They also had a 27% lower risk for coronary heart disease. “Most of us need to begin shifting our diets toward plant-based proteins,” said study senior author Dr. Frank Hu, professor of nutrition and epidemiology at Harvard University. “We can do so by cutting down on meat, especially red and processed meats, and eating more legumes and nuts. Such a dietary pattern is beneficial not just for human health but also the health of our planet.” Is there a “sweet spot” for plant-versus-meat intake? The authors believe that a move to a wholly plant-based diet might work best when it comes to reducing risks for coronary heart disease (CHD), but benefits for cardiovascular disease (CVD) plateau at about a 1:2 ratio of plant to animal protein. “The average American eats a 1:3 plant to animal protein ratio,” said lead author Andrea Glenn, who did the research as a visiting scientist at Harvard’s department of nutrition. “Our findings suggest a ratio of at least 1:2 is much more effective in preventing CVD. For CHD prevention, a ratio of 1:1.3 or…  read on >  read on >

Geoffrey Pointing says its hard to describe the distress of an asthma or COPD flare-up. “Honestly, when you’re having a flare up, it’s very difficult to tell anybody how you feel – you can hardly breathe,” Pointing, 77, of Banbury, England, said in a news release.  But an existing injectable drug might make these attacks much less frightening, a new clinical trial has shown. The already-approved drug for asthma could replace steroid medications as a means of quelling asthma and COPD flare-ups, researchers report. Benralizabam, a monoclonal antibody, did a better job than steroids at reducing respiratory symptoms like coughing, wheezing, breathlessness and hacking up phlegm, according to trial results published in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. After three months of treatment, four times fewer people taking benralizumab had suffered an asthma or COPD attack, compared to people taking the steroid prednisolone. “This could be a game-changer for people with asthma and COPD,” said lead researcher Dr. Mona Bafadhel, chair of respiratory medicine for King’s College London. “Treatment for asthma and COPD exacerbations have not changed in fifty years despite causing 3.8 million deaths worldwide a year combined,” Bafadhel continued in a news release. “Benralizumab is a safe and effective drug already used to manage severe asthma. We’ve used the drug in a different way — at the point of an exacerbation — to show that…  read on >  read on >

The U.S. Supreme Court on Monday declined to hear a major tobacco company’s challenge to a federal law that would mandate graphic images on cigarette packs. Some of the proposed images include a woman with a large lump on her neck alongside the message “WARNING: Smoking causes head and neck cancer;” lungs blackened by smoking; and feet darkened by smoking-linked circulatory problems. The R.J. Reynolds tobacco company had filed an appeal with the Supreme Court after the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that the warnings do not violate the First Amendment, the Associated Press reported. In its appeal, the tobacco company argued that some of the images were misleading — for example, the company claimed that the woman with the lump on her neck would never have let it get that large before going to a doctor. But the Supreme Court justices ruled that the images do, in fact, reflect the very real hazards of smoking. If the images make it to the sides of cigarette packs, the U.S. would join 120 other nations that already mandate such graphic warnings. Studies have shown that images work even better than text warnings in cutting down smoking rates. In a statement, the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids called the Supreme Court’s dismissal of the appeal a “tremendous victory for public health.” “Graphic warnings are a best-practice policy to…  read on >  read on >

Politics, especially the 2024 elections, can quickly turn the family Thanksgiving table into a battleground. Steering clear of hot-button topics will not only help a big meal go down easier, it has health benefits as well. Keeping the peace prevents a surge of fight-or-flight hormones that can disrupt sleep and cause headaches, inflammation and even shortness of breath, according to UT Southwestern colleagues Cameron Davis, an assistant professor of psychiatry, and Sarah Woods, vice chair of research in the Department of Family and Community Medicine. They assure folks that it is possible to stay calm and enjoy yourself this Thanksgiving, even in a house divided. Here are their do’s and dont’s for reducing stress this Thanksgiving: Do communicate respectfully: Avoid personal attacks and keep the conversation focused on facts and objectives. Be assertive, not aggressive.  Don’t feel pressured to engage in emotionally charged talk: Politely state your desire to not take part in political discussions — or change the topic. Don’t push family members’ buttons. Do be prepared: Practice how you will handle it if conversation gets stressful and how you’ll behave toward individuals.  Don’t pressure others into a debate or insist they agree with your views: Focus on fostering respectful dialogue. Asking for permission or gauging others’ willingness to discuss a topic can help head off tense encounters. In charged conversations, remember: The goal…  read on >  read on >